As the American and Israeli [war with Iran unfolds]( some American Christians are speaking of the conflict in biblical terms, mapping end-time prophecies on to current events in the Middle East.

In a sermon on March 1, 2026, for example, John Hagee, founder of Christians United for Israel, [described the war as part of a divine plan]( “Prophetically, we’re right on cue,” he said. Later, he prayed that “God Almighty is brought onto the battlefield and the enemies of Zion and the enemies of the United States can be destroyed before our eyes. Let God arise and let his enemies be scattered.”

Meanwhile, [Christian singer and activist Sean Feucht]( referred to “the end-time open doors of what (God) is going to do in Iran when this regime is prayerfully removed.”

This type of apocalyptic thought [has roots in the 19th century]( when many American preachers turned toward more [literal readings of the Bible]( Those readings also emphasized the Bible’s account of God promising the “Holy Land” to Abraham and his descendants. But Christian Zionism’s influence on politics has grown over the past half-century, as I write about [in my book “Zeal for Zion]( Today, that mindset seems to be moving into the halls of the American government [and the military](

## End of an age

“Dispensationalism” is a Protestant idea that human history is [divided into different ages]( or dispensations, that each unfold God’s plan for the world. Churches that embrace it, which tend [to be evangelical]( believe that the current dispensation is coming to an end. But that time can be ushered in only by great suffering, a period known as “Jacob’s tribulations.” Israel is the place where they believe these tribulations will begin, and where they will culminate in Jesus’ Second Coming.

In the U.S., the most powerful manifestation of dispensationalist and apocalyptic thought is [Christian Zionism]( The term refers to many Christians’ strong support for Israel, rooted in the biblical account of God’s covenant with the Hebrew people.

Even before Israel was established, conservative evangelicals have [long been enamored]( of the idea of a Jewish return to Zion. In the 1940s, Protestant emphasis on these biblical narratives influenced American public opinion and helped make the case for a Jewish state.

But in the first two decades of Israel’s history, from 1948-68, fundamentalist Christians had few direct allies among either Israeli or American Jews. Neither evinced much interest in working with conservative Christians, some of whom were involved in missionary work. Why would Jewish groups ally themselves with Christians seeking to convert them?

## Turning point

The outcomes of Israel’s 1967 war with a coalition of Arab states [changed that situation]( From Syria, Israel conquered and occupied the Golan Heights; and from Jordan, East Jerusalem and the West Bank of the Jordan. From Egypt, Israel won the Sinai Peninsula, from which it eventually withdrew, and the Gaza Strip.

As Israeli journalist Gershom Gorenberg noted, “The Six Day War did more than create a new political and military map in the Middle East. It also [changed the mythic map]( in a piece of the world where myths have always bent reality.”

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Israeli soldiers pray at the Western Wall after the capture of Jerusalem during the Six Day War in June 1967.[ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images](

In some evangelicals’ view, Israel’s victories in the Arab-Israeli wars were the triumph of divinely ordained good over evil. For them, God’s plan in history, revealed to humanity in the Bible, [was now unfolding in the Holy Land]( Many conservative Christians view the Jewish return to Israel as a prelude to the Second Coming.

This theology had appeared before the 1967 war. But afterward, it placed its hope on the fulfillment of a quite specific scenario: that the government of the Jewish state would [rebuild the ancient Temple]( in Jerusalem and thus set the stage for the end of days. With the return of Jesus, the historic mission of the Jewish people would be fulfilled. Many Jews would perish, and the remnants would become the vanguard of believers in Jesus.

This scenario, once promoted by small groups within some Protestant denominations, had by the 1990s become widely diffused in popular culture. The “Left Behind” series, apocalyptic novels inspired by the biblical Book of Revelation, [sold over 80 million copies](

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Tim LaHaye, co-author of the ‘Left Behind’ series, signs books in a Christian book store in Spartanburg, S.C., in 2004.[David Howells/Corbis via Getty Images](

After the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, [hostility toward Islam]( also fueled Christian conservatives’ support for Israel. Televangelist Pat Robertson, for example, said Islam was “[violent at its core](

Around the same time, in a significant political shift, many American Jewish organizations [welcomed Christian Zionists’ support]( As Israel’s treatment of Palestinians attracted more criticism, the Israeli government and some Jewish groups in the U.S. began to rethink their relationship to conservative Christians.

In 2002, the Anti-Defamation League, an advocacy group that has historically promoted liberal and civil rights causes, took out an ad in major American newspapers. In that ad it reprinted a statement [by Ralph Reed]( former head of the Christian Coalition, which was founded by televangelist Pat Robertson.

## Into government

Today, however, it seems Christian Zionism’s influence has risen to [a new level in government](

Since the strikes on Iran began on Feb. 28, 2026, the Military Religious Freedom Foundation, a watchdog group, [reported over 200 complaints]( about commanders telling troops across branches of the U.S. armed forces that the current war with Iran was part of a divine plan, invoking biblical ideas about the “end times.”

“Anytime Israel or the U.S. is involved in the Middle East, we get this stuff about Christian nationalists who’ve taken over our government, and certainly our U.S. military,” Air Force veteran Mikey Weinstein, the foundation’s president, [told The Guardian](

A further sign of Christian Zionism moving into government was the 2025 appointment of former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee [as ambassador to Israel]( Among the most [influential and prominent Christian Zionists]( Huckabee, a Baptist minister, for years [led “Holy Land tours” to Israel](

“I believe it is a special place because God made it special,” Huckabee [told conservative Christian activist Charlie Kirk]( who was assassinated in September 2025. “I believe the Scripture, [Genesis 12]( Those who bless Israel will be blessed, those who curse Israel will be cursed. I want to be on the blessing side, not the curse side.”